Cross Ref > Language Basics

In C# commands and variable names are case sensitive. The following does NOT:

messagebox.Show("hello");  //Does not compile!

The first time you type any other case for commands or variables, VS.Net will change it to the accepted or defined case. For example, if you type messagebox.show it is converted to MessageBox.Show. Once corrected, you can break it again by editing MessageBox to messagebox and the compiler will give you an error.

MessageBox.Show("hello");

 C# Case Sensitivity (Yes)  

Java is case sensitive.

Customary casing:

• Classes - Initial Caps (Pascal Casing)
• Variables - Initial lowecase (Camel case)
• Methods - Initial lowecase (Camel case)

 Camel versus Pascal Casing

C# uses braces {} to indicate a code block of more than one line. For one line of code, the braces are optional.

I prefer to put the opening { and the closing } on their own line only because most of the examples I see do this. As opposed to C++, Java, and JavaScript where I put the opening bracket at the end of the first line (which I actually prefer).

int DoSomething()

{

 int a = 1;

 int b = 2;

 return a + b;

}

Curly braces are used to bracket code blocks including classes and the methods within a class.

For Java, JavaScript, PHP, and C++, I prefer to put the first { at the end of the first line of the code block as in the example above because I see moreJava codeformatted that way.

public class Dog {

  public bark() {

    System.out.println("Ruff");

  }

}

Commenting Code
C# uses "//" for a single line comment and /* */ for a multiple line comment.

//Single line comment.

/*
Multiple line
comment.

*/

Commenting Code
Java uses "//" for a single line comment and /* */ for a multiple line comment.

//Single line comment in MS (not ANSI compliant so do NOT use).
/* ANSI compliant single line comment. */
/*
Multiple line
comment.

*/

/*

* This is another popular way 

* to write multi-line comments.

*/

In C#, you define constants with the const keyword.

All constants are part of a class (no global constants) but you can make a constant public and have access to it using ClassName.ConstantName so long as you have added the class to the project. This works even without creating the class as if the public constants were static, but you cannot use the static keyword.

Constants must be of an integral type (sbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, char, float, double, decimal, bool, or string), an enumeration, or a reference to null.

Syntax Example:   public class Convert : Object {   public const string kName = "Mike";   //You can declare multiple of the same type too: const Double kFeetToMeter = 3.2808, kMeterToFeet = .3048; }

C# uses a semicolon ";" as an end of statement specifier and you can put multiple statements on a single line of code if you wish as well as split a single statement into two or more code lines.

Syntax Example:   Console.WriteLine("Hello1"); Console.WriteLine("Hello2"); Console.WriteLine("Hello3"); //Same line works too: Console.WriteLine("Hello4"); Console.WriteLine("Hello5"); //Two or more lines works too: Console. WriteLine ("Hello6");

String literals are quoted as in "Prestwood". If you need to embed a quote use a slash in front of the quote as in \".

To specify a floating point literal between 1 and -1, you can preceed the decimal with a 0 or not (both work). In other words, preceding decimals are allowed (both .1 and 0.1). Trailing decimals are not allowed.

Console.WriteLine("Hello");
Console.WriteLine("Hello \"Mike\".");

//Does C# evaluate this simple

//floating point math correctly? No! 

if ((0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1) == 0.3)
{
  MessageBox.Show("Correct");
}
else
{
  MessageBox.Show("Not correct");
}

String literals are quoted as in "Prestwood". If you need to embed a quote use a slash in front of the quote as in \".

To specify a floating point literal between 1 and -1, you can preceed the decimal with a 0 or not (both work). In other words, preceding and following decimals are allowed (both 1. and 1.0 work as well as .1 and 0.1). In general, Java follows the IEEE 754 Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic standard.

System.out.println("Hello");

System.out.println("Hello \"Mike\".");

//Does Java evaluate this simple

//floating point math correctly? No!

if ((.1 + .1 + .1) == 0.3) {
  System.out.println("Correct");
} else {
  System.out.println("Not correct");
}

 Ref: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp0114/

C++, Java, and C# all use C-like variable declaration.

C# has C-like variable declaration and although variables are case sensitive, VS.Net will auto-fix your variable names to the defined case.

C# offers many variable types. Some common types used include short, int, long, float, double, decimal, Int16, UInt16, Int32, Int64, string, and bool.

You can also specify the value when you declare a variable as in:

String FirstName = "Mike";

String LastName = "Prestwood";

Int16 Age = 42;

string FullName;

int16 Age;

double Weight;

FullName = "Mike Prestwood";

Age = 32;

Weight = 154.4;

Variable names are case sensitive.

The Java basic types are boolean, byte, short, int, long, float, double, and char. You can also declare a variable to hold a particular instance of a class such as String.

int a;

int a, b;

int age = 43;

String FullName;